What do you know about the functions of textiles? Among the various textile techniques, these eight are the most practical ones.
01 Water-repellent finishing
Concept: Water-repellent finishing, also known as breathable waterproof finishing, is a process in which chemical water-repellent agents are used to reduce the surface tension of fibers so that water droplets cannot wet the surface.
Application: waterproof materials such as raincoats and travel bags.
Function: Easy to handle, low price, good durability, and fabrics treated with water repellency can still maintain their breathability. The water-repellent finishing effect of fabrics is related to the tissue structure of the fabric. It is mainly used for cotton and linen fabrics, but can also be used for silk and synthetic fiber fabrics.
02 Oil-repellent finishing
Concept: Oil-repellent finishing, a process in which fabrics are treated with oil-repellent finishing agents to form an oil-repellent surface on the fibers.
Application: high-end raincoat, special clothing material.
Function: After finishing, the surface tension of the fabric is lower than the surface tension of various oils, making the oil bead-like on the fabric and difficult to penetrate into the fabric, thus producing an oil-repellent effect. , the fabric with oil-repellent finish is both water-repellent and has good breathability.
03 Anti-static finishing
Concept: Anti-static finishing is a process in which chemicals are applied to the surface of fibers to increase their surface hydrophilicity to prevent the accumulation of static electricity on the fibers.
Cause of static electricity: generated by friction during processing or use of fibers, yarns or fabrics.
Function: Improve the hygroscopicity of the fiber surface, reduce the surface specific resistance, and reduce the static electricity of the fabric.
04 Easy to remove and clean
Concept: Easy stain removal finishing is a process that makes the dirt on the surface of the fabric easy to remove with normal washing methods, and prevents the washed dirt from returning to soil during the washing process.
Causes of dirt formation: During the wearing process, fabrics form dirt due to the adsorption of dust and human excrement in the air as well as contamination. Generally, the surface of fabrics has poor hydrophilicity and good lipophilicity. Water does not easily penetrate into the fiber gaps during washing. The dirt suspended in the washing liquid after being washed can easily re-contaminate the fiber surface, causing re-contamination.
Function: Reduce the surface tension between fiber and water, increase the hydrophilicity of the fiber surface, and make the fabric easier to clean.
05 Anti-mildew and anti-corrosion finishing
Concept: Anti-mildew and anti-corrosion finishing generally applies chemical anti-mildew agents to cellulose fiber fabrics to kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms. Generally, we choose to use relatively safe antifungal agents such as salicylic acid, or we can also use antifungal agents such as copper naphthenate salts that are more resistant to water washing for padding treatment.
Causes of bacterial formation: In hot and humid climate conditions, when textiles contain substances such as slurry and fat, microorganisms can easily breed bacteria and actinomycetes. Enzymes secreted by molds can break down fibers into their food, causing fiber damage.
06 Anti-moth finishing
Concept: dyeing and finishing The most commonly used moth-proof finishing in production is to chemically treat wool fabrics to kill moths, or change the structure of wool fibers so that they are no longer food for moths, thereby achieving the purpose of moth-proofing.
Cause of moth damage: Wool fabrics are susceptible to moth damage, and moth larvae feed on wool fibers during their growth.
Function: Some chlorine-containing organic compounds are commonly used as moth repellents. Its advantages are colorless and odorless, specific for wool fabrics, relatively washable without damaging the style and wearing properties of wool fabrics, easy to use, and highly safe for the human body.
07 Flame retardant finishing
Concept: Textiles can be treated with certain chemicals to prevent them from burning when exposed to fire, or to extinguish as soon as they burn. This treatment process is called flame-retardant finishing, also known as fire-proof finishing.
Principle: Flame retardants decompose to produce non-flammable gases, thereby diluting flammable gases and blocking the air or inhibiting flame combustion. The flame retardant or its decomposition products melt and cover the fiber mesh to shield the fiber, making it difficult for the fiber to burn or preventing the carbonized fiber from continuing to oxidize.
08 Coating finishing
Concept: coatingTreatment is a process of coating or bonding a layer of polymer material on the surface of a fabric to give it a unique appearance or function.
Application: Down-proof, waterproof and moisture-permeable, light-shielding and heat-insulating, flame-retardant, conductive, imitation leather and other fabrics. </p
