1. Tasks and equipment of the spinning process
(1) Tasks of the spinning process
The spinning process is a spinning process The last process in the process, the product of the spinning process is spun yarn. It spins the semi-finished roving produced in the previous process into spun yarn with a certain thickness and meets the user’s quality requirements. Generally, it needs to be wound and yarned before being used for twisting, weaving or knitting.
The main tasks of the spinning process are:
Drafting – elongating and thinning the roving evenly to achieve the subsequent process The required special number (count). The total draft ratio is 10 to 50 times.
Twisting – adding appropriate twist to the drafted roving to enhance the cohesion between fibers and make the yarn have a certain strength, elasticity and luster. The twist range is 40-100 twist/10 cm.
Winding and forming – the stretched and twisted yarn is wound on the bobbin according to the forming requirements to make a bobbin-like spun yarn.
(2) Main structure and function of spinning frame
FA Commonly used models of series spinning machines include FA502, FA503, FA506, FA507, FAS08, FA541, FAl518, etc.
The main structures of the spinning frame include feeding mechanism, drafting mechanism, twisting mechanism and forming mechanism. Now, taking the FA506 spinning frame as an example, we will introduce the functions of the main mechanisms.
1. Feeding mechanism The feeding mechanism consists of a creel, a yarn guide rod, a traversing device, etc. The roving frame part is supported by a hanging spindle, and the upper end of the roving tube is hoisted on the roof panel. There are four rows in a single layer or six rows in a single layer. The hanging spindle device can make the roving unwinding flexibly without increasing accidental drafting, which is beneficial to evenness and reducing count deviation. The yarn guide rod is used to guide the unwinding of the roving and can reduce the tension during unwinding.
The function of the traversing device is to move the roving laterally after it is fed into the roller, so that the yarn strips can move evenly on the rubber rollers and rubber rings, resulting in even wear and tear, and reducing grooving and grooving. Concave and other phenomena can extend the service life of rubber rollers and aprons and improve yarn quality.
2. Drafting mechanism The drafting mechanism consists of a pressurizing device, rollers, rubber rollers, rubber rings, upper and lower pins, etc. . The drafting mechanism uses three pairs of rollers, a rubber ring with a short top and a long bottom, a swing spring pin and a cradle for pressurization.
When the roving is fed into the drafting mechanism, since the linear speed of the three pairs of rollers gradually increases from back to front, the rollers and rubber rollers hold the yarn sliver and add weight to the cradle. When pressed, the roving strips gradually lengthen and become thinner, achieving the purpose of drafting.
Pressure drafting is an important part of the spinning machine. The function of pressure is to firmly hold the fiber and make the yarn draft smoothly. The ability to effectively control fiber draft is the key to spinning spun yarn with high uniformity.
3. Twisting and winding mechanism The twisting and winding mechanism consists of yarn guide hook, steel ring, traveler, cleaning It is composed of device, spindle, bobbin, etc. The yarn output from the roller must be twisted to have a certain strength, elasticity and luster, and become a spun yarn product with certain physical properties. The yarn output from the front roller passes through the yarn guide hook, passes through the wire ring on the steel ring, and then winds around the bobbin. The bobbin is inserted into the spindle, and the speed of the bobbin and the spindle is consistent. The traveler is embedded on the edge of the steel ring and slides freely.
The yarn output from the front roller passes through the yarn guide hook, passes through the wire ring on the steel ring, and then winds around the bobbin. The bobbin is inserted into the spindle. The tube and spindle speeds are consistent. The traveler is embedded on the edge of the steel ring and slides freely.
When the spindle rotates, one end of the yarn is clamped by the front roller, and the other end is fixed on the spindle and rotates, which generates tension on the yarn. Each time the wire ring rotates, when the wire ring reaches The yarn between the rollers gets a twist, creating twist.
The traveler twists the yarn. The number of revolutions of the traveler per unit time is lower than the number of revolutions of the spindle, and the yarn is wound on the bobbin.
4. In order to facilitate the production, transportation, unwinding and post-processing of spun yarn, the bobbin forming mechanism needs to roll the spun yarn It is wound on the bobbin and requires tight winding, clear layers, good shaping, and easy unwinding. The spun yarn forming device adopts a hanging forming mechanism, which is completed by lifting the steel ring plate and the yarn guide plate by a steel wire rope.
2. Spinning yarn operation
(1) Shift handover system
Shift handover is an important part of ensuring the normal operation of production. The handover work must be carried out in a coordinated manner, the successor must take the initiative to explain, and the successor must carefully check. Both parties must unite and cooperate while strictly distinguishing responsibilities.
1. Make sure the shift is clear
●Clear the production situation: such as changing varieties , process changes. Clean up the broken ends, replace the rovings, and sort out the pagoda roving segments.
●Clear equipment status: including mechanical operation, equipment maintenance, electrical, etc.
●Clear the quality situation: Establish the idea of quality first, hand over public tools, and collect returns.
2. Do four checks when taking over
●15 minutes in advance Get on the bus and conduct a comprehensive inspection of the production situation of the previous shift, including variety revisions, process changes, reserve quantities, etc.
●Check the operation of the equipment: whether the cotton collector, rubber roller and cradle of the drafting part are normal. Are other parts normal and defective?
●Check the wrong roving count, roving table setting, pagoda segmentation and end breakage, check whether the bobbin is inserted incorrectly and whether the spindle is empty, etc.
●Check the cleaning status and public toolsSafe.
(2) Tour work
Itinerant work is planned An important method for organizing a production shift.
The process of touring is the process of discovering and solving problems. Must follow the tour route, actively grasp the production rules, and ensure the normal progress of production.
Visiting routes
Adopt single-line touring and double-sided care, and monitor according to certain rules driveway, taking care of work such as cutting heads on both sides of 2 cars at the same time. </p
