Color stains: The color of the cloth is uneven and appears as lumpy dark or light irregular spots.
Comprehensive causes of colored flowers
1. Process formulation and operation issues:
The process formulation is unreasonable or Improper operation produces color flowers;
Unreasonable process (such as raising and lowering the temperature too quickly)
Poor operation, knotting during dyeing, and power outage during dyeing;
Heating rises too fast and the holding time is not enough;
Scooking The PH value of the cloth surface is uneven due to unclean washing;
Grey cloth contains a large amount of oil slurry, which has not been completely removed after scouring;
The uniformity of the cloth surface in pre-treatment
2. Equipment problems:
Equipment failure
For example, after dyeing polyester with disperse dyes, the temperature in the oven of the heat setting machine is different, which can easily produce color differences, color flowers, and rope-like dyeing. Insufficient pump power can easily cause stains, etc.
The dyeing capacity is too large and too long;
The dyeing machine runs slowly; dyers have no boundaries;
The circulation system is clogged, the flow rate is too slow, the nozzles are not suitable, etc.
3. Raw material issues:
Fiber raw materials and fabric tissue uniformity
4. Dye issues:
Dye is easy to aggregate, has poor solubility, poor compatibility, is too sensitive to temperature and pH, and is prone to color flowers and color differences. . For example, active green orchid KN-R is easy to produce colored flowers.
Dyeing reasons include poor dye leveling, dye migration during dyeing, and dye fineness that is too fine
5. Water quality issues:
Poor water quality may cause dyes to combine with metal ions or dyes and impurities to agglomerate, resulting in colored flowers, light colors without sample attachment, etc.
Improper adjustment of the pH value of the dye bath;
6. Problems with auxiliaries:
Improper dosage of auxiliaries; Regarding the issue of additives, the additives related to color flowers mainly include penetrating agents, leveling agents, chelating dispersants, pH value control agents, etc.
Solutions for various colored flowers
1. Uneven cooking and opaqueness will cause color flowers.
Uneven scouring and uneven removal of impurities on the fabric will cause different moisture absorption rates in the fabric, resulting in color patterns. .
Measures:
① Inject scouring additives quantitatively in batches, and the additives must be kept in perfect order. The injection effect of hydrogen peroxide is better at 60-70 degrees.
② The cooking and heat preservation time must be strictly in accordance with the process requirements for heat preservation.
③The dead cloth wrapping should be kept warm for a while.
2. The scouring water stains are not clear, and the gray cloth is dyed with alkali and causes colored flowers.
Measures:
After washing the water, neutralize the residual alkali with 10% glacial acetic acid and then wash the water to make the cloth surface PH7-7.5.
3. The residual oxygen treatment on the cloth surface after cooking is not clean.
Measures:
Nowadays, most of them use deoxidizing enzyme additives to complete the deoxidizing treatment. In the normal procedure, glacial acetic acid is quantitatively injected for 5 minutes, the temperature is raised to 50 degrees and run for 5 minutes, and deoxygenating enzyme is quantitatively injected with clean water and kept warm. After 15 minutes, take a water sample and measure the oxygen content.
4. Uneven chemical composition and insufficient dye dissolution causing color blooms.
Measures:
Stir with cold water first, then dissolve with warm water. Adjust the temperature of the chemical material according to the properties of the dye. The temperature of the normal reactive dye material should not exceed 60 degrees. Special dyes should be cold-water chemical, such as brilliant orchid br_v, which can When using separate materials, be sure to stir them thoroughly, dilute and filter before use.
5. The dyeing accelerator (yuanming powder or table salt) is added too fast.
Consequences:
Excessive speed will cause the dyeing promoter to be contained on the surface of the rope-like fabric, with different concentrations, resulting in different dyeing promotion rates on the inside and outside, resulting in color flowers.
Measures:
① The dye should be added in batches, and each addition should be slow and even.
② Adding in batches should be less at the beginning and more at the end. Each addition should be 10-15 minutes apart to promote uniform dyeing.
6. The fixing agent (alkali agent) is added too quickly or too much, causing color blooming.
Measures:
① Normally, the alkali is injected quantitatively in 3 times, with the principle of less first and more first. The first dosage is 1%10. The second time is 3%10. The final dosage is 6%10.
② Each addition should be done slowly and evenly.
③ The heating rate should not be too fast. Differences in the surface of the rope-like fabric will cause differences in color absorption rates and cause color blooming. It is strictly required to control the heating rate (1-2℃/min) to adjust the amount of steam on both sides.
7. The liquor ratio is too small, causing color differences and flowers.
Many factories now use air flow cylinder dyeing equipment.
Measures: Control the water volume according to process requirements.
8. Soaping colored flowers.
The washing water after dyeing is unclear, the pH content is high during soaping, and the temperature rises too fast, causing color blooms. After heating to the specified temperature, it must be kept warm for a certain period of time.
Measures:
Wash the water cleanly and neutralize some of the factory-used acidic soaping agents. Run it in the dyeing machine for about 10 minutes and then raise the temperature. If conditions are convenient for sensitive colors such as lake blue and colorful blue, try your best to test it. Let the pH drop before soaping.
Of course, with the emergence of new soaping agents, there are low-temperature soaping agents on the market, which is another matter.
9. The washing water in the dye bath is not clear, causing stains and stains.
The residual liquid after soaping is not clear, so the concentration of residual color liquid on the surface and inside of the fabric is different. During drying When dry, it fixes on the fabric to form colored flowers.
Measures:
Wash thoroughly after dyeing to remove floating color.
10. Color differences (cylinder difference, stripe difference) caused by color addition
①Causes of color difference:
A. The speed of adding materials is different. If the dosage of dye accelerator is small, it will have an impact whether it is added in batches. If it is added at one time, the time is short, the dye accelerator is not enough, resulting in color flowers.
B. Both sides of the feeding material are rubbed unevenly, causing stripe differences., such as one side is darker and the other side is lighter.
C. Holding time
D. Color difference caused by different cutting and color matching techniques. Requirements: Cut the sample and match the color using the same technique.
For example: after 20 days of heat preservation, the samples are cut to match the color, and the degree of washing after cutting is different.
E. Different liquor ratios cause color difference. Small liquor ratio: dark color Large liquor ratio: light color
F. The degree of post-processing is different. If the post-processing is sufficient, the floating color is sufficient to be removed, and the color will be lighter than if the post-processing is insufficient.
G. There is a temperature difference on both sides and in the middle, resulting in stripe differences.
Add color slowly, at least 20 minutes for quantitative injection, and 30-40 minutes for sensitive colors.
②Add ingredients to chase the color
1) Light color condition:
A. First check According to the original process prescription, weigh the dye according to the degree of color difference and weight of the fabric.
B. The chasing dye must be fully dissolved, fully diluted, and filtered before use.
C. When chasing colors, add materials under normal temperature conditions. Add materials slowly and evenly to prevent re-coloring caused by too hasty operation.
2) Color depth condition
A. Strengthen soaping and sufficient post-processing.
B. Add Na2CO3 for slight decolorization
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