woven fabric
01 Meridional defects
1. Defects: Defects on textiles that weaken their quality performance and affect their appearance.
2. Repair defects: Defects caused by repairing defects on the fabric and leaving traces behind.
3. Local defects: Defects that occupy a small area on the fabric or are only in one place and whose size and quantity are easy to measure.
4. Dispersed defects: Defects that are dispersed over a large area on the fabric and whose size and quantity are difficult to measure.
5. Damage defects: Defects in which the warp and weft yarns of the fabric are broken and the structure is damaged.
6. Linear defects: The fabric has line-like defects (below 0.2cm).
7. Strip defects: Strips and block defects of a certain width appear on the fabric.
8. Thick places: Poorly drafted yarns are woven in, resulting in a yarn with a thick middle and tapered ends on the fabric. The diameter of the middle is several times that of the adjacent normal yarn. Continuous segments of slub yarn are called slubs. (Synonym: jujube core yarn)
9. Fine yarn: The fineness of one or several yarns on the fabric is significantly smaller than that of adjacent yarns.
10. Kink yarn: During the drafting process, some fibers are accidentally pinched or formed into kinks or curls, resulting in small stretchable thick yarn segments on the fabric.
11. Filament: A single filament of the filament is broken during the winding or weaving process, and the fabric has a protruding fiber end or a fluffy appearance locally or scatteredly.
12. Bright yarn: Due to poor processing in the spinning process, such as uneven distribution of matting agent, the luster of one yarn on the fabric is brighter than that of adjacent yarns.
13. Yarn cracking: The yarn is worn or the tension is too high, causing part of a yarn (such as a single filament in a filament, a strand in a double strand) to break, and a yarn appears on the fabric. The line part is thin.
14. Poor knots: Yarns with substandard knots are woven in, and large knots or long knots appear on the fabric.
15. Stained yarn: Yarns with dust, oil or other stains are woven in. There are dust, oil and other stains on the single warp or weft of the fabric.
16. The fabric is unevenly dry: Weft yarns with uneven dryness are woven in, and the yarn thickness is uneven in the weft direction part of the fabric.
17. Straight marks: One or several (adjacent or non-adjacent) yarns in the warp direction of the fabric are different from adjacent normal yarns, forming straight marks in the warp direction.
18. Loose warp: The tension of a single warp yarn is relaxed and woven, and the surface of a warp yarn on the cloth surface becomes wrinkled.
19. Tight warp: A single warp yarn is twisted too much, causing the warp yarns on the fabric to buckle less than the adjacent normal warp yarns, often causing the weft yarns to protrude from the surface.
20. Warp hanging: The tension of some warp threads on the fabric is too high, causing the warp threads to be tightened on the fabric and the side weft threads to protrude.
21. Missing warp: The warp yarn is broken and not connected, and the fabric is missing a warp yarn in one piece or a length.
22. Breakage: warp ends are broken and yarn tails are woven into the fabric.
23. Double warp: Undue juxtaposition or overlap of two warp yarns on the fabric.
24. Reed path: The uneven arrangement of reed teeth causes obvious gaps between two adjacent warp yarns on the fabric.
25. Wrong warp: Some warp threads on the fabric are obviously different from the adjacent normal warp threads.
02 Weft defects
1. Weft rails: The weft direction of the fabric shows an obvious edge, and its appearance is different from the rails of adjacent normal fabrics. (Synonym: rung)
2. Switch gear: Improper operation when the loom is stopped or restarted. The weft direction of the fabric will appear as a thin or dense rung. The boundary will begin to be clear and gradually become consistent with the normal fabric.
3. Thick weft: One weft yarn on the fabric is obviously thicker than the adjacent weft yarn.
4. Loose weft: The weft insertion tension of one weft yarn is lower than that of the adjacent weft yarn, and one weft yarn on the fabric is slightly wrinkled than the adjacent weft yarn.
5. Bowed weft: The full-width wide weft of the fabric is excessively bent and bowed.
6. Broken weft: One weft yarn is missing in part of the width of the fabric.
7. Drag yarn: After changing the weft tube, the loose yarn tail is brought into the shed by the subsequent weft yarn, causing an extra section of weft yarn to be introduced into the width of the fabric, usually starting from the edge.
8. Sparse weft: Weft gaps appear in the entire width or part of the width of the fabric.
9. Double weft: There are two juxtaposed wefts on the fabric that are inconsistent with the weave texture.
10. Missing weft: The self-stop device fails, causing the entire width of the fabric to have rungs without weft yarns.
11. Bright weft: The weft insertion tension of one filament is higher than that of adjacent weft yarns, and the reflectivity of one filament in the weft direction of the fabric is higher than that of adjacent tissue yarns.
12. Wrong weft: Some weft yarns on the fabric are different from the adjacent normal weft yarns.ss=”MsoNormal” >
2. Linear, stripe or wide stripe-like defects extending along the warp direction, including color stripes caused by wrinkles, oily warps, trailing yarns and dirty yarns are called straight color strips; linear, stripe-like defects extending along the weft direction And broad strip-like defects, including color stripes caused by wrinkles, oily warps, trailing yarns, and dirty yarns, are called horizontal color strips; the color of the cloth surface does not match the standard, the color of the two ends of a piece of cloth is inconsistent, and the left and right sides of the door are different. For color difference.
3. Dark or light oil stains on the cloth are called oil stains, those with color marks are called color stains, and those with color spots, water spots, and stains are called spot stains. The direction along the edge length of the fabric is called the warp direction; the direction along the fabric width is called the weft direction. Yarns that are significantly thinner than adjacent yarns are called fine yarns, and yarns that are significantly thicker than adjacent yarns are called roving yarns.
4. Identification of the front and back sides of the fabric: the front side is usually smooth, smooth, with fewer defects and clear patterns and colors; the side of the fabric with smooth edges and protruding needle holes is the front side; if the raised fabric is single-sided, the rough side is the front side, and if it is double-sided, the front side is the front side. The front side of the facial hair is the neat and smooth side; the front side of the concave-convex fabric is tight, strong in three-dimensionality, and has clear stripes, but rough on the contrary; the bright and colorful side of the shiny or special appearance fabric is the front side to highlight its style.
5. Appearance quality inspection: Place the cloths one by one on the cloth inspection machine for cloth inspection, with the front side of the cloth facing up, and the speed of the cloth inspection machine must not be too fast. The inspector’s eyes should look directly at the cloth surface, and the distance between the eyes and the cloth surface should be 55cm~60cm. Defects on the cloth surface are scored according to the number of defect marks made using the point scoring method. When judging the number of defects on the fabric surface, except for color difference, continuous warp yarn running, and color gradation, any obvious defects that will affect the quality of the finished product will be scored and counted. One horizontal color strip or one horizontal draw yarn counts as 4 defects. Abnormalities will be identified with red labels (such as defects, rovings, drawn yarns, color differences, color gaps, etc.) and written records will be formed. Use the steel coil scale to measure the width, and measure the width of the cloth at the beginning, middle and tail of the cloth, and the narrowest value shall prevail. Color difference is evaluated according to GB250–1995 “Gray Sample Card for Evaluating Discoloration”.
6. There are multiple cylinders in a batch of fabrics, and the color difference between cylinders is reflected as cylinder difference; the color validity period between pieces of fabrics in the same cylinder is reflected as piece difference. There are roving knots, double yarn spots, loose yarn spots, misaligned yarn spots, dirty yarn spots, different color yarn spots, yarn skipping spots, belly yarn, holes, hair particles, etc. on the cloth surface, which are all called scattered defects; cloth Drawn horizontal yarns, horizontal color strips (color stalls), drawn straight yarns, straight color strips, roving strips, different-colored yarn strips, etc. on the surface are called local defects and are recorded according to the actual inspection situation. If there is a horizontal color bar (color barrier), horizontal yarn, and segment color difference in 100 meters of woolen fabrics, the inspection report will not record it when calculating the number of defects, but the fabric identification card must record it. For other fabrics, there will be a horizontal color bar (color barrier) in 100 meters. ), horizontal yarn and segment color difference, there are 2 strips in total. Straight yarn and straight color strip within 1 meter are not recorded in the inspection report when calculating defects, but the fabric identification card must be recorded. The short meter rate of each batch of fabrics must be controlled within 1% of the length of the cloth. If it exceeds 1%, it will be recorded according to the actual short meter (yard) number. During inspection, all surface and lining materials will be inspected according to the quantity on the fabric identification card. It must be recorded on the identification card whether it is more or less.
7. Under normal circumstances, if the inspector finds defects outside the acceptable range when inspecting 20% of the same batch of fabrics (except wool), he can stop the inspection and issue an evaluation report based on 20% of the inspection quantity. Woolen fabrics with 3 defects per 10 meters meet the standard, and will not be accepted if more than 5 points are exceeded. Fabrics with a wool content of less than 50% have 6 defects per 10 meters, but exceed 10 defects. Chemical fiber (imitation wool) fabrics will not be accepted. Defects of 10 points/10 meters meet the standard, and will not be accepted if it exceeds 16 points. Cotton, cotton polyester, and denim fabrics will not be accepted if they have 8 defects/10 meters. Defects exceeding 16 points will not be accepted. Cordon fabrics will not accept defects if they exceed 16 points/10 meters. Defects exceeding 13 points will not be accepted. Suit and shirt fabrics with fabric defects exceeding 5 points/10 meters will not be accepted. Defects exceeding 10 points will not be accepted. Jacket fabrics with fabric defects exceeding 6 points/10 meters will not be accepted. Defects exceeding 10 points will not be accepted. T-shirt fabric defects will not be accepted. 8 points/10 meters meet the standard, and will not be accepted if it exceeds 10 points. The lining fabric defects will not be accepted if it exceeds 4 points/10 meters, but exceeds 8 points. Casual bags will not be accepted if the fabric surface defects exceed 7 points/10 meters, but exceed 12 points. The trousers bag fabric surface defects exceeding 3 points/10 meters will not be accepted. Products exceeding 5 defects will not be accepted. All surface and lining materials (except wool) with weft deviation exceeding 5cm will not be accepted.
8. Weft skew: The warp and weft yarns are not vertically interlaced, and the weft yarns are skewed.
9. Yarn knots: There are big and small knots on the cloth surface.
10. Holes: Three or more warp and weft yarns are broken together, causing holes in the cloth surface.
11. Yarn skipping: one or two warp or weft yarns skip two or more yarns that should be intertwined with it, floating on the cloth surface to form linear defects.
12. Off-edge: During the setting process, the fabric separates from the setting plate, causing the door width to become narrow.
13. Horizontal color stall: Due to the stop of the printing and dyeing machine, traces are left on the fabric that are difficult to remove.
14. Parking marks: On warp knitted fabrics, several tissue point horizontal lines are different from normal streaks caused by changes in yarn tension due to machine stopping, starting, deceleration, etc.
15. Big-belly yarn: An olive-shaped slub with a diameter several times larger than that of normal yarn appears in a yarn.
16. Ruffles: The fabric is flat and the edges are undulating.
17. Creases: Due to calendering and other reasons, traces are left on the fabric that are difficult to remove.
18. Open edge: The warp and weft yarns in the edge tissue are broken together or broken alone. There are holes in the warp yarn, weft yarn, and cloth surface.
19. Breakage: The yarn is broken and the yarn wool is woven into the cloth.
twice the olive-shaped thick section.
16. Ruffles: The fabric is flat and the edges are undulating.
17. Creases: Due to calendering and other reasons, traces are left on the fabric that are difficult to remove.
18. Open edge: The warp and weft yarns in the edge tissue are broken together or broken alone. There are holes in the warp yarn, weft yarn, and cloth surface.
19. Breakage: The yarn is broken and the yarn wool is woven into the cloth.
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