Foreign fibers mixed into cotton are not only difficult to remove during the spinning process, but will also be broken or combed into shorter and finer fibers during the impurity removal process, forming a large number of small fibrous defects. During spinning, these defects can easily cause yarn breakage and reduce work efficiency. The following analyzes the countermeasures to control heterosexual fibers from the acquisition link, the “three silk” link and the processing link.
Acquisition link
Purchasing quality is the basis of lint quality. The purchasing process is crucial to prevent mixed grades and control the “three silks”.
1) Strengthen publicity and ensure quality consistency from the source. Qualified enterprises can establish planting bases, implement factory management, implement order planting, establish a community of interests with cotton farmers, and extend quality control to the fields.
2) The source of the “three silks” lies in picking, drying, packaging, storage and transportation. The parties involved are cotton farmers and traders. We must educate them to fully understand the dangers of the “three silks”; require them to use cotton bags for picking. The cotton is packaged and spread out on high racks, not stacked in scattered warehouses, and the bag openings are not tied with non-cotton yarn; during the purchase, we insist on not accepting cotton packaged in plastic bags, and implement high-quality and preferential prices for seed cotton that has been inspected without “three silks”, and use economic support to carry out the work. Encourage cotton farmers to sell cotton without “three silks”; after the cotton is purchased and brought into the factory, all personnel who come into contact with the cotton must wear hats and not wear clothing that can easily shed foreign fibers; strictly control the entry of various items that may produce “three silks” Cotton storage yard.
3) Control wet flowers and wet flowers with dried seeds. The bloom is very harmful to the quality of cotton. First of all, it is easy to form a large number of neps during the processing of the bloom. When the bloom blooms, the fiber has strong adhesion to the cotton seeds. There is a high chance of breaking when peeling off, and it is easy to be damaged. The fiber increases the short staple rate; secondly, the tide flower is easy to generate heat, and the heat will reduce the strength of the cotton and turn the color yellow. When processing the tide flower, it is easy to generate heat and cause a fire; thirdly, the tide flower also affects the weight, and the moisture regain rate of seed cotton is increased every day. One percentage point higher, the weight loss of seed cotton is 2% to 3%. Because the lint rate of cotton seeds is high during the processing of tidal flowers, the tidal flowers will reduce the clothing weight. In addition, the wet seeds of clothes are also called sun-exposed flowers, which are not easy to be detected by instruments during purchase. Its harmfulness is the same as that of tide flowers, so special attention should be paid when purchasing it.
4) Adhere to the principle of one trial and six trials, high quality and low price, and classify and stack according to quality. With the improvement of cotton quality requirements of textile mills, the traditional one-test-five-determination method (product length, clothing, water, impurities) can no longer meet the requirements. For high-grade cotton, the micronaire value that reflects fiber maturity should be added and divided according to the micronaire value. Files are stacked.
Picking the “Three Silks” Link
“Three silk” picking has now developed into an important production process for ginning enterprises, and the number of labor employed is equivalent to or even exceeds the traditional ginning and velvet stripping process. The main task of this link is to remove harmful debris such as “three threads” in seed cotton. The removal method is generally manual picking on a special workbench, which can ensure the quality of removal; it is also to eliminate defects, that is, to remove defects. The core-wrapped cotton at the bottom of the bag is of equal difference to improve the consistency of the entire batch of cotton. For example, using a special workbench with a grid can also eliminate some dead flowers.
Processing link
The processing link has a greater impact on the neps, cords, short lint, and impurities of lint. We should mainly do a good job in the following seven tasks.
1) Control the moisture regain of seed cotton. When the moisture regain rate is high, the fiber rigidity is poor, and it is easy to twist into neps and cords during the ginning and screening processes; when the fiber moisture regain rate is high, the adhesion to the saw teeth is strong, and it is difficult to blow the cotton out of the screen, and the saw teeth are easy to carry flowers, and return. Flowers are also prone to neps and cords.
2) Control your vehicle speed. The speed of the saw shaft is high, and the impact of the saw teeth on the fibers is large, which can easily break the fibers and increase the short lint in the lint. The cotton feeding speed is fast and the density of the cotton lap is high, which is easy to form cords and increase the short lint.
3) Sawtooth state. The serrations must be kept intact, without burrs, skew, or reverse bends. If abnormalities are found, they should be repaired in time, otherwise neps will increase.
4) The four walls of the work box and each channel should be kept smooth and free of burrs, and the debris removal channel should be smooth and free of debris.
5) The gap between the saw blade and the ribs must be uniform, otherwise the fiber bundles captured on the saw teeth cannot pass smoothly between the ribs, and will rub violently with the rib sides, resulting in a lot of cables.
6) According to the impurity content of the lint, adjust the distance between the saw teeth and the impurity-removing rolling knife, and try to remove as much white matter as possible without touching the knife. The level 1 to 2 impurity content should be controlled below 1%. , levels 3 to 4 are within 1.5%.
7) Try not to use a skin cleaner. Using a lint cleaner can improve the appearance of lint and reduce the impurities contained in lint. However, because it uses a high-speed licker-in to loosen and remove impurities, it will cause great damage to the fiber. If the licker-in is not in good condition, a large number of neps and cords will be produced. , it will also break some large impurities and add many small impurities that cannot be removed by textile factories.
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