Textile energy-saving technology: foam dyeing and finishing
Foam dyeing and finishing is a low-liquid-feed dyeing and finishing process in which the dyeing and finishing working fluid is foamed to form a foam system and then applied to the fabric. During the foam processing process, part of the water in the working fluid is replaced by air. The higher the degree of replacement, the less water is consumed and the more energy is saved. Foam processing can improve production efficiency, perform wet and wet processing, reduce waste water, reduce the migration of dyes and chemicals, make more effective use of chemicals and dyes in the working fluid, reduce chemical consumption, and control the flow of dyes and chemicals. Penetration within fibers or fabrics. The many advantages of foam dyeing and finishing greatly reduce the overall cost of fabric wet processing. At present, the more mature foam processes include foam finishing, foam printing, foam dyeing, etc.
Foam for dyeing and finishing
Foam is a kind of liquid with a large number of bubbles dispersed in the continuous phase colloidal system. After air is injected into the liquid from the outside and mixed, it is sprayed to form a foam, which is called a dispersed foam; a foam made by using chemical reactions or physical changes (temperature and pressure) to dissolve gas in the liquid is called a concentrated or compressed foam. type foam.
Pure liquid cannot produce foam. When surfactant is added to the solution, it can form interfacial adsorption at the gas-liquid interface and reduce the surface tension of the liquid, which is beneficial to foaming and improves the stability of the foam. Foam The ratio of the gas phase and the liquid phase is called the foaming ratio, which is the ratio of the mass of a certain volume of unfoamed liquid to the mass of the same volume of foam. If the foaming ratio is 15, it means that 1 part of liquid is diluted by 4 parts of air.
Successful foam processing depends largely on the stability of the foam. If the foam is unstable, it will burst and drain quickly, and the liquid rate of the fabric will be difficult to control; if the foam is too stable, chemicals will occur This is due to insufficient dye penetration and low liquid carrying rate of the fabric. , the foam stability is related to the uniformly applied processing parameters. Although the stable foam is in a thermodynamically unstable state with high surface energy, it is in a metastable state due to the potential barrier relationship
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