At the end of February, the “Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting Key Works of Rural Revitalization in 2022”, the No. 1 Central Document of 2022, was released. This is the 19th Central Committee No. 1 document to guide the work of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” since the 21st century. The document points out that the cotton target price policy should be improved and the priority of cultivated land utilization should be strictly implemented. Cultivated land is mainly used for the production of grain, agricultural products such as cotton, oil, sugar, and vegetables, as well as forage and feed. Permanent basic farmland is mainly used for grain production, and the principle of high-standard farmland is All of them are used for food production.
According to data from the Bureau of Statistics, the national cotton sown area in 2021 is 30.281 thousand hectares (45.422 million acres), a decrease of 1.408 thousand hectares (2.112 million acres) compared with 2020, a decrease of 4.4%. The national cotton output per unit area was 1,892.6 kg/ha (126.2 kg/mu), an increase of 27.4 kg/ha (1.8 kg/mu) compared with 2020, an increase of 1.5%.
From 2014 to 2016, the state launched a three-year cotton target price reform pilot in Xinjiang. After three years of practice, the cotton target price reform pilot has achieved remarkable results. It has explored a new way for agricultural product prices to be determined by market supply and demand and decoupled from government subsidies. It has achieved strategic adjustments to the national cotton production layout and promoted cotton production and processing. The development of the entire industry chain of , circulation and textile has improved the quality and market competitiveness of domestic cotton, and provided practical experience for the structural reform of the agricultural supply side.
The target price level of Xinjiang cotton from 2017 to 2019 is 18,600 yuan per ton. The country has deepened the cotton target price reform in Xinjiang, and the results have continued to show. While ensuring the income of cotton farmers, it has further exerted the role of market mechanisms to promote the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, effectively integrating the entire cotton production and processing industry chain in Xinjiang, and promoting the economic and social development of Xinjiang. Stable development has played an important role.
The target price level of Xinjiang cotton from 2020 to 2022 is 18,600 yuan per ton. Starting from 2020, the target price level of Xinjiang cotton will be 18,600 yuan per ton. A regular evaluation mechanism will be established simultaneously and will be evaluated every three years. The target price level will be adjusted as appropriate based on the evaluation results. In the event of major changes in the cotton market, the target price level can be adjusted in a timely manner after submission to the State Council for approval.
The overall idea of improving the cotton target price policy: first, maintain the overall stability of the policy framework, retain the good practices proven to be effective in reform practice, improve policy design for outstanding issues, and achieve policy normalization and long-term effect; second, maintain the overall strength of support not to reduce, to ensure the stable income of cotton farmers, and at the same time better mobilize local enthusiasm and use subsidy funds accurately and efficiently; the third is to maintain the basic stability of cotton output, while ensuring the domestic cotton self-sufficiency rate and complying with WTO rules; the fourth is to adhere to the market-oriented direction and further guide Xinjiang’s cotton production has improved quality and efficiency, while actively exploring new subsidy methods.
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