麻纤维，是从各种麻类植物取得的纤维，包括一年生或多年生草本双子叶植物皮层的韧皮纤维和单子叶植物的叶纤维� �亚麻从埃及逐步传入欧洲，使欧洲成为亚麻布的重要产地� �麻纤维是取之于植物兢杆或叶的润皮纤维，纤维较长也较粗，且粗细不均匀，具有良好的强度� Hemp fiber is cellulose fiber. It can be divided into two categories according to its properties. One is the tube fiber stripped from the leaf body or leaf sheath of the plant. It has a rough and hard texture, such as sisal, hemp, etc. Because of its high moisturizing power and It has strong water resistance and is generally only used to make ropes, fishing nets, etc. The other type is the moistened fiber taken from the stems of plants. The texture is relatively soft and is called soft fiber. �软质纤维又因木质素的含量多少而有区别� �含木质素较多的质地比较粗硬，适宜制造麻袋，绳索等，如红麻，黄麻等� �含木质量较少的质地柔软，可以作为纺织原料，如亚麻，苎麻等� �</p
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麻纤维的化学成分主要是纤维素，还含有胶质，水分木质，腊质等。
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Main performance</p
1. Length and linear density</p
麻纤维的单纤维长度分别是：苎麻长50～120mm，亚麻长17～25mm，黄麻长2～4mm，槿麻长2～6mm。麻纤维的单纤维线密度为：苎麻约0.91～0.4tex、亚麻为0.29tex左右，黄麻的单纤维宽度约为10～28mmμm。亚麻等经初加工后得到的束纤维，再经梳麻，成为适合纺纱要求的工艺纤维。工艺纤维的线密度与麻纤维的品种、脱胶程度和梳麻次数等有关。
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2.Strong stretch and elasticity </p
Hemp fiber is a fiber with high strength and low elongation among natural fibers. The breaking length of ramie can reach 40-55km, while the breaking length of ramie, flax and jute is about 2%-4%, 3% and 3% respectively. The singleness of the fiber is poor, and linen fabrics are prone to wrinkles. �</p
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3. Hygroscopicity</p
麻纤维的吸湿能力较强，其中以黄麻的吸湿性大，一般大气条件下回潮率可达14%左右，此外，麻纤维的吸湿、散湿速度快，所以其织品在夏季穿着凉爽舒适。
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4.Acid and alkali resistance</p
麻纤维与棉一样，较耐碱而不耐酸，在浓硫酸中，苎麻会膨润溶解。
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5.Other properties</p
麻纤维的初始模量高，手感粗硬，耐日光和电绝缘性好，但苎麻和亚麻的耐热性不及棉纤维好。
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Type</p
有韧皮纤维和叶纤维两大类，所以麻纤维是韧皮纤维和叶纤维的总称。
韧皮纤维：双子叶植物茎的韧皮层内部丛生成束的纤维。如： 苎麻、亚麻、黄麻、大麻、苘麻、荨麻、罗布麻等
叶纤维：单子叶植物的叶鞘和叶身内的维管束纤维，如剑麻、蕉麻、菠萝麻等。
属于麻类的植物品种相当多，用于纺织的有十多种。韧皮纤维中的苎麻、亚麻是优良的麻种，其纤维没木质化，强度高，伸长小，柔软细长，可纺性能好，是织造夏季衣料的良好材料。用它们织成的织物挺括，吸汗，不贴身，透气，凉爽。
黄麻、大麻、洋麻等纤维较粗，且短，适宜于包装材料：麻袋、麻绳等。
For leaf fibers, the varieties with economic practical value are mainly: sisal and abaca. This type of fiber is relatively thick and hard, also called hard fiber. Because the fiber cell wall has been lignified, it has a long length and small elongation. It has good strength, corrosion resistance and seawater immersion resistance. It is often used to make ropes for ships and mines. It can also be made into burlap bags or packaging cloth. With the emergence of synthetic fibers, hemp ropes are gradually being replaced. This type of fiber is used in textiles. It’s almost never used, so I won’t introduce it further here. �</p
The use of hemp fiber has a history of thousands of years in China. Ramie fiber (Chinese grass) was used as a textile raw material before 4000 BC. The Egyptians have used flax fiber for 8000 years. The application of hemp requires Much earlier than cotton, and linen spinning equipment is relatively close to wool spinning equipment �</p
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Features </p
Hemp fiber has advantages that other fibers cannot match: it has good moisture absorption, moisture dispersion and breathability, fast heat conduction, coolness and stiffness, does not stick to the body when sweating, light texture, strong, insect-proof and mildew-proof, less static electricity, and the fabric is not easy to pollute. , soft and generous tones, rough, suitable for the excretion and secretion of human skin �它的屏蔽紫外线功能和抑菌功能均为我国权威机构所测试鉴定� �但由于其弹性差，抗皱性及耐磨性差，有刺痒感等，使麻类纤维的品种开发一直受到局限� �但随着各种前处理和后加工技术的发展，它的一些天然缺陷得到了极大的完善� �经研究表明，在众多的纺织纤维中，麻纤维是具潜在功能的天然纤维，麻纤维历来是中国重要的纺织纤维之一，在世界上享有盛誉� �</p
使用特点： 1、无环境污染，改善混合料混合性能。是石棉纤维的优良代用品。 2、价格便宜，仅为芳伦纤维的30分之一。 3、能改善石棉代用品中的无机纤维的混合性能。减少芳伦纤维用量，降低无石棉摩擦的成本。
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