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近年来，国内抗菌行业的专家与学者的也做了大量探索，促进了国内抗菌产业的发展，并制定了相关的标准。如FZ/T 01021－1992＜织物抗菌性能试验方法＞、GB15975－1995＜一次性使用卫生用品卫生标准＞及＜消毒技术规范＞等。
检测抗菌性能的抗菌制品一般分为三大类型：第一种为抗菌纺织品，第二种为抗菌塑料，第三种为抗菌陶瓷� �其中的检测方法中包括对细菌的检测和对霉菌的检测� Generally, the testing methods for antibacterial products are divided into quantitative test methods and qualitative test methods. Some are suitable for the detection of dissolving and non-dissolving antibacterial agents. Others are based on inoculating bacterial liquid on the fabric and placing the fabric under a certain concentration of bacteria. Two ways of thinking about liquid classification �</p
抗菌标准及测试方法的合理性及正确性对整个抗菌产业的发展起着重要的作用，包括测试方法设计的准确性与科学性，操作误差的合理控制，以及试验本身所带来的误差大小等。随着国内外抗菌产业的兴起和科技的进步，也促使抗菌标准与方法不断完善。其中，国外抗菌产业的发展已经有几十年的历史，所以较早就提出了具有代表性和稳定性的抗菌测试方法，近年来又作了修改与完善。
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下面分别对抗菌纺织品及相关抗菌制品抗菌（细菌和霉菌）检测方法进行阐述。
1. Testing methods for antibacterial textiles</p
The test methods used for antimicrobial textiles are as follows:</p
1. QUINN TEST </p
该方法是QUINN创立的织物抗菌性能测试方法，发表在{14（1），1-7,1966. 14（2），183-188,1966}。该方法的基本原理是将试验菌液接种于织物上，再覆盖以半固体琼脂培养基，在一定条件下培养一段时间后，观察织物上的菌落数，计算出抑菌率。该方法也是世界上第一部测试织物抗菌能力的定量测试方法，简洁方便，应用广泛。
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2. Parallel line drawing method (stripe method): </p
This test method is a simple and rapid qualitative test method. It is suitable for testing the antibacterial properties of antibacterial finishing fabrics that are resistant to water washing and dry cleaning. Its principle is: inoculate the bacterial solution on the agar medium by drawing parallel lines. The sample is affixed to the agar surface, and after culturing for a period of time under certain conditions, the clean area that appears due to the interruption of bacterial reproduction along the scored line on the agar surface is graded to grade the antibacterial activity and evaluate the antibacterial ability of the fabric. �</p
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3. Improved Quine test method: </p
著名的青岛医学院微生物学专家邹承淑教授（笔者的重要合作伙伴）在八十年代初开始改进QUINN TEST，之后经过国内医学界共同努力完成了中国版的QUINN TEST–改良的奎因试验法� This method is modified on the basis of Quinn’s test method. The principle is to inoculate the test bacterial solution on the fabric, cover it with culture medium, and after culturing for a certain period of time, observe and count the number of colonies on the antibacterial and non-antibacterial fabrics, and calculate The magnitude of the antibacterial rate, quantitatively testing the antibacterial performance of antibacterial fabrics �本方法是一种简便、快速、重现性好的定量试验方法，对于原始的奎因试验法相比，具有以下优点：</p
①一次能测试几种不同织物对同一种细菌的抗菌性能，提高了测试效率，节省时间。
②接种菌液浓度小（6000个/ml），营养充足，菌落变大，易用肉眼来直接观察菌落的生长，避免用显微镜观察造成污染。
③稀释菌液用生理盐水代替肉汤，避免稀释过程中细菌增长，影响试验准确性。
④省略了织物加菌液后，在一定的相对湿度下干燥的过程，简化了实验步骤，也避免了干燥过程中因温度掌握不准而使细菌死亡的弊病。
However, there are also some shortcomings in this method: </p
④ In the step of covering the agar culture medium in this method, in order to prevent the culture medium from overflowing out of the sample, the sample plate after adding the bacterial solution is placed in the refrigerator for 15 minutes. There is no specific temperature specified. Unsuitable temperature will cause the death of bacteria or Growth, generally at 5-10℃, it can ensure that bacteria will not die and will not grow. However, there is no provision in this method, which will affect the test results during the movement of the sample. �</p
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4. Antibacterial ring test method (halo method): </p
将试验菌接种于琼脂培养基平板表面，再贴放上试验样品，由于抑菌剂不断溶解以致在琼脂中扩散形成抑菌环，通过测量抑菌环的宽度来评价抗菌能力的大小。
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5.AATCC 100 test method</p
此种测试方法为美国AATCC委员会提出的一种定量测试方法，用于检测织物的杀菌能力和抑菌能力，是目前国外比较著名的抗菌性能测The experimental method is also the origin of some new methods at home and abroad. The principle of this method is: after the fabric control sample and the sample are inoculated with bacteria and cultured under certain conditions, a neutralizing solution is added to elute the bacteria, and the concentration of the bacterial solution in the eluate is measured using the dilution plate method to determine the viable bacteria. Cultivate and count, obtain the bacterial reduction percentage of the antibacterial fabric, and evaluate the antibacterial and bactericidal performance of the fabric.
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6.JIS L 1902 2002 Test Method</p
This standard is a test method further modified based on the JIS L 1902 1998 test method. This method also introduces two test methods, qualitative test method and quantitative test method, but two quantitative test methods are introduced, respectively. It is the bacterial liquid absorption method and bacterial inoculation method, and its qualitative method The principle and method of the antibacterial ring method) and the bacterial liquid absorption method are basically the same as those in the JIS L 1902 1998 standard. The principle of the bacterial inoculation method is to inoculate bacteria onto a humidified test piece under pressurized conditions, and then inoculate it under a certain humidity. After culturing for a period of time, the sample is eluted, viable bacteria are counted, and the bacterial reduction value is obtained. �</p
本方法对不同试验目的和用途及织物不同处理应用的试验细菌作了详细的规定，并且介绍了菌液吸收法用于测定织物灭菌活性值，用细菌接种法，计算细菌减少值。
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7.JIS Z2911 Antifungal Test Method</p
This method is a test method developed for mold. Its basic principle is: spray a certain amount of mixed spore suspension evenly on the sample and culture medium, and after culturing for a certain period of time, observe the mold growth on the sample. Graded qualitative evaluation of antifungal performance �</p
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8. Shaking flask method: </p
振荡烧瓶法是模仿人体的穿着条件，使细菌在振荡条件（300r/min）下与织物内抗菌剂接触，振荡1-6h之后，经细菌培养计数，计算细菌减少百分率，从而确定抗菌性能大小。
When applying this test method, the tested sample is not limited by the shape of the textile. This method is not only suitable for general textile fabrics, but also for uneven fabrics, hairy or feathered fabrics, powdery fabrics, etc. Its scope of use widely �而且还可适用于抗菌塑料、抗菌瓷砖等抗菌制品� �塑料等拒水性材料应先将其制成微粒再进行试验� �</p
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9.FZ/T 01021-92 Test Method</p
此方法是国内根据美国的AATCC100－1981制定的纺织行业标准，是测试抗菌性能的一种定量测试方法� The basic principle is: inoculate the test bacteria on the fabric (control sample and sample), and after culturing with “0” contact time and a certain period of time, the sample is eluted, and then the viable bacteria are counted in the eluate. Calculate the percentage reduction of bacteria in the sample This method has very detailed provisions on the determination of the number of colonies on a plate during culture counting of viable bacteria. However, in this standard, after culturing for a certain period of time, it is eluted with 100 ml of buffer and shaken vigorously for 1 minute. This process has yet to be explored, because vigorous shaking It may cause the growth or decrease of bacteria, which will affect the test results. �</p
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10.JIS L 1902 1998 Test Method</p
此方法为日本的工业标准，规定了定性试验方法（晕圈法）和定量试验方法（浸渍法）。其中定性试验方法只可测试出是否具有抗菌性能，而不能准确测定出抗菌率。但此方法非常简便，易于操作。其原理为将试样放于平板培养基中心，经一段时间培养后，观察样品周围产生的抑菌环，计算抑菌环宽度，评价试样是否具有抗菌能力。同时，其试验有效性的判定也非常简便，观察未处理样品经培养后有没有出现细菌增值即可。本方法中还对试样的要求作了非常细致的规定，包括织物、纱线、软填料和长绒毛等。
定量试验方法（浸渍法）原理也是通过对试样接种细菌与培养，对“0”时间接触培养和一定时间培养后进行活菌计数，计算出抑菌活性值和杀菌活性值。本方法特点为：
①不同于其它方法中通过比浊管比浊来粗测菌液浓度的方法，而是用分光光度计测定其吸收率来确定菌液浓度，提高了试验的准确度。
②用冷冻的生理盐水（0.85%）来洗脱培养后样品，避免细菌在洗脱过程中增长或减少，保证所需测定细菌数的准确性，减少试验误差。
③在计算结果时，应用抑菌活性值和杀菌活性值比较全面的来表现试样的抑菌和杀菌能力，而且应用对数值来体现试验结果。
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