1. Basic concepts and contents of refined management
1.1 Refined management explained by experts
In the implementation of refined management The Chinese companies it manages include large-scale enterprises such as China Telecom, Yili Milk, and Qingdao Port, as well as small and medium-sized enterprises such as Desheng Yanglou and Jinjian Garments.
In addition to international, there are many well-known management experts, scholars and institutions in China who are committed to the research of refined management. They have elaborated on refined management from different perspectives, among which The more representative views are as follows:
(1) Refined management is not only a management concept, but also a management method and management project.
(2) Refined management is a technical method used by managers to adjust products, services and operating processes.
(3) Refined management is a comprehensive management model characterized by “accuracy, meticulousness, depth and standardization”.
(4) Refined management is to replace general and vague management requirements with specific and clear quantitative standards, and to replace abstract strategies and decisions. into concrete and clear development initiatives.
(5) Refined management is to decompose and quantify the management objects one by one into specific numbers, procedures, and responsibilities, so that the content of each work can be seen and It can be touched and spoken accurately, so that every issue has a dedicated person responsible for it, instead of causing chaos.
(6) Refined management is an inevitable requirement for modern management due to the refinement of social division of labor and the refinement of service quality.
(7) Refined management. “Fine” is the key link in operation and management, and “fine” is the main control point of the key link. Fine management is to systematically solve the key links and their main control points in the operation and management process.
Refined management does not mean that an entrepreneur must do everything by himself. Refined management emphasizes a system, which means that every employee in each position must do their own thing well, without making any excuses, even reasonable excuses, and find ways to complete the tasks.
For example, if you are a leader, you must pay attention to the details of strategy formulation and formulate the strategy well;
You are a middle-level cadre. If you are engaged in product development, you must do a good job in every detail of product development;
If you are an operator, you must do a good job in every operation step and detail. Management must be implemented in any behavior of anyone.
Therefore, Wang Fanghua feels that “accountability system” should be implemented in China. Only by doing every detail well can we achieve great things. Refined management is not a new thing. The Refined Management Research Center of Peking University has been positioning and committed to the research of refined management for five years, and has achieved certain results and has also been recognized. some recognition from society.
Japanese companies call for this kind of “refined management thinking (ie lean thinking)”. Effectively improved product quality and promoted Japan’s economic growth. Japan soon surpassed Germany and became the world’s second largest economic power. This forces American automakers that are “mounted on car wheels” to put down their arrogance and go to Japan’s Toyota and other automakers to learn from their experiences. Later, lean enterprises and lean production methods spread to the world with the rise of Japan’s economy.
1.2 The difference between refined management and standardized management
They are A subordinate relationship, standardized management is a management method and a part of refined management. Standard management is the primary stage of refined management, or it is the basis of refined management. Refined management must be based on standardization.
Our definition of refined management is:
Refined management is a management concept and management technology, which is based on rules Systematization and refinement, using programmed, standardized, data-based and information-based means to enable each unit of the organization and management to operate accurately, efficiently, collaboratively and continuously.
1.3 What management status is suitable for refined management
Refined management Globalized management is proposed in response to the current extensive management status of Chinese enterprises. It is not something marginal, esoteric, or unreachable:
Any enterprise under any management status All are suitable for introducing refined management. Of course, people at different ages and physical conditions have different nutritional solutions, which require tailor-made solutions. Whether an enterprise can lead people to promote refined management, the most critical thing is the enterprise managers’ understanding of management and their determination and confidence in improvement.
Relatively speaking, it is more difficult for state-owned enterprises with deep organizational and institutional foundations to introduce refined management into the system. Because it requires coordination and cooperation from many aspects of work (especially the transformation of ideological concepts). Private enterprises can go into battle lightly. Of course, it is best to have a certain business management foundation (for example: a relatively stable organization and a management process system for organizational operation: basic departments and job divisions of labor, etc.), otherwise. Haste makes waste.
1.4 Several important stages of refined management
1.4. 1 Three stages of Chinese enterprise development
The development of enterprises is closely related to the development of economic and social development. A social and economic development will inevitably have two completely different stages. The first stage is based on capital, and the second stage is based on knowledge. China has always called it the primary stage of socialism. Strictly speaking, it is an industrial society.��, conduct quality analysis and comments in a timely manner to prevent any quality accidents and pursue total excellence.
Cost: Accurately calculate costs and deliver cost information in a timely manner. Strive for the lowest cost and the highest productivity.
Finance: Strengthen fund management, make full use of funds, increase revenue and reduce expenditure, conduct regular financial status analysis, and provide effective and accurate basis for corporate decision-making.
3.2 Examples of refined management in the process
3.2. 1. Singeing process
For gas singeing, not only the air volume ratio must be paid attention to. And craft parameters such as wind speed and vehicle speed, and at the same time adjust the angle between the direction of the flame and the fabric surface:
According to the angle between the direction of the flame jet and the fabric, there will be strong burning (through burning) , normal burning (smoldering) and weak burning (cutting burning). Pure cotton fabrics generally use strong burning (through burning). Polyester-cotton fabrics generally use normal burning (smoldering), and thin polyester-cotton fabrics use weak burning (cut burning). If the operator is not careful and ignores the direction of the flame, it will affect the quality of singeing or waste fuel.
For example: Pure cotton fabrics should be through-fired. If smoldering or cutting burning is used, the effect will be poor, and the fluff will not be completely burned; and if polyester-cotton fabrics are burned through, it will not only be over-burned, but also waste dye.
3.2.2 Removing and bleaching
The process of removing and bleaching middle. The optimization of the concentration, temperature and time of various additives is not only related to the quality of semi-finished products.
Such as: desizing rate, wool effect, whiteness, strength, etc., and directly affect the cost of adding diacetate, for example, using a mesh belt steam box for steaming In the conventional process, the dosage of caustic soda is generally 40-50 g/L, and the scouring time is 80-90 minutes. And through process optimization and refinement. Using the upper steaming and lower boiling process, the total alkali consumption is 20-30 g/L. This process change alone saves the cost by more than 0.02 yuan per meter.
3.2.3 Dyeing process
In the long car dyeing process , after the pad dyeing of each variety, there will be the last tank material left, about 80 L, and the remaining material in the pipe and chemical barrel is about 30 L, totaling 110 L. If 400 varieties are pad-dyed every month, the cumulative remaining amount will be 400×110 L=44000 L. The remaining dyes should be used as much as possible according to the variety. In 2008, a company proposed to rationally use the last tank material, saving more than 20,000 yuan per month. . This alone saved more than 200,000 yuan throughout the year.
3.2.4 Reactive dye fixation process
General reactive dyeing The same color dyeing process requires 20g/soda ash, 6 g/L caustic soda, and 200 g/L salt. A company implemented refined management and after analysis and testing, treated it differently:
Select reasonable alkali agents based on the amount of dyes of different varieties and depths. Determine the amount of alkaline agent to use. Improper dosage of alkali will have an impact on dyeing. For example, for light colors, if the alkalinity is too high, the high pH will easily cause the hydrolysis of the dye to accelerate, and at the same time, the fixation rate will be reduced, resulting in waste; for extremely dark colors, if the alkalinity is low, the fixation will not be possible. Full, waste of dye.
3.2.5 Post-finishing
Three prevention finishing (with Hang tag) for example, because the finishing working fluid reaches 17-20 yuan/L per liter, the original stipulation is that the remaining amount of the rolling chute at the end of the variety should be maintained at 80-100 L (the remaining material per chute is as high as 1,700-2,000 yuan). In the current implementation In the process of refined management, craftsmen and operators should try to control the chemical materials. After process practice, the remaining materials should be adjusted to 30~50 L. Then each type of three-proof products can save 50 L of finishing fluid. The saving value is 850 to 1,000 yuan.
3.2.6 Process of drying heterosexual fibers
Methods in cotton fabrics For fiber removal, the original process uses a baking machine for 120~180 s and a temperature of 210°C. A company implements refined management. According to the nature of the foreign fiber, after repeated tests, as long as the specified temperature is reached, it can be completely eliminated within 15 seconds. After the company improved the process, it adopted 210℃ and the high temperature time was completed within 20 seconds.
The improved process has greatly improved work efficiency. Energy saving. There are many examples of refined management, so I won’t list them all here.
IV. Conclusion
Implementing refined management of printing and dyeing enterprises, It is necessary to upgrade the functions of each department of the enterprise to the level of operation and management, and strengthen dynamic and all-round refined management; with “fine” as the starting point, all employees of the enterprise must seriously learn and understand the huge changes brought about by minute work, and be responsible for Every order or every task. Corresponding work processes and business specifications must be established. The ultimate goal of refined management is to continuously deepen the management methods and means of enterprise management, optimize all aspects of enterprise management, improve the effectiveness of enterprise information management, achieve high-quality and low-cost enterprise production, and maximize the profitability of the enterprise. , to overcome the difficulties brought to enterprises by the current financial crisis. </p
