What is the difficulty in growing long-staple cotton in Xinjiang?



In recent years, the long-staple cotton planting area in the three major cotton areas in southern Xinjiang has been very unstable (mainly in the Aksu region), and the total output …

In recent years, the long-staple cotton planting area in the three major cotton areas in southern Xinjiang has been very unstable (mainly in the Aksu region), and the total output of long-staple cotton has dropped from nearly 200,000 tons to about 100,000 tons (according to an organization in 2021 The sales volume of long-staple cotton seeds is estimated to have declined by 20%-30% in Xinjiang’s long-staple cotton planting area this year), which is in sharp contrast to the new high in Xinjiang’s total cotton output in 2020/21. Of course, the long-staple cotton report released by ICAC shows that global long-staple cotton production in 2020/21 is 327,500 tons, declining for the third consecutive year. The planting area and output of major long-staple cotton producing countries such as China, the United States, Egypt, and Israel have both declined. There has been a decline.

So what are the difficulties in stabilizing the planting area of ​​long-staple cotton in my country? The author simply summarizes the following points:

First, the available and expandable cotton planting area is very limited. Considering that long-staple cotton has very high requirements on temperature, sunshine, heat, rainfall, etc., it can currently only be planted in Awati County and a few cotton areas in Shaya, Bachu and Korla. In addition, Awati cotton fields require cropping, rotation, etc. etc., so the area for developing long-staple cotton is very limited;

Secondly, indicators such as yield and quality of long-staple cotton have made little progress in recent years. On the one hand, the focus of research and breeding promotion by seed companies is on fine-staple cotton, and long-staple cotton seeds are just a “sideline business”; on the other hand, the long-staple cotton varieties of other mainland cotton seed companies are subject to many restrictions when entering Xinjiang; therefore, the quality of long-staple cotton How to improve the level, grade and yield is the key to stabilizing the area of ​​long-staple cotton;

Third, it is currently difficult to mechanize long-staple cotton due to high plant height, scattered bolls, and unconcentrated planting. From planting to harvesting, farmers’ physical and chemical costs and labor costs (especially in the harvesting process) of growing long-staple cotton are significantly higher than those of fine-staple cotton. Although the sales price of long-staple cotton seed cotton is 1.5-2.2 yuan/kg higher than that of fine-staple cotton in the past two years, due to low yield and high investment, farmers’ actual income is still lower than that of fine-staple cotton. Farmers in Keping County, Aksu believe that long-staple cotton cultivation is more beneficial only if the purchase price difference between fine-staple cotton and long-staple seed cotton is higher than 2.60 yuan/kg;

Fourth is long-staple cotton The number of cotton gin factories has been significantly reduced, which is not conducive to farmers harvesting and selling nearby. With the large-scale and all-round promotion of machine-picked cotton planting in Xinjiang cotton areas in recent years, most of the hand-picked cotton ginneries in the three major cotton areas in southern Xinjiang have been upgraded, focusing on the acquisition and processing of machine-picked cotton. Considering the fiber length, breaking strength, color grade and other indicators, velvet cotton is not suitable for machine mining and processing;

The fifth is to import American SJV PIMA cotton and Egyptian Jiza cotton, etc. of attacks in turn. Judging from the survey, Xinjiang long-staple cotton in 2019/20 and 2020/21 is affected by many factors such as weather, temperature and cotton type. The proportion of indicators 336 and below is relatively high, while the long-staple cotton with quality of 237, 137 and above is On the low side; coupled with the U.S. government’s import ban on Xinjiang cotton products and some international clothing brands’ “touching porcelain” Xinjiang cotton, high-end textile clothing orders exported to Europe, the United States, Japan and other countries have to use imported long-staple cotton, U.S. SJV PIMA Cotton and others “took advantage of the situation.” </p

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Author: clsrich

 
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