Jet vortex spinning is a new spinning technology in the current spinning system. Compared with traditional ring spinning, air-jet vortex spinning has the characteristics of short spinning process, high production efficiency, high degree of automation and intelligent online quality monitoring, and labor saving. It can alleviate the difficulties of domestic spinning enterprises such as excessive labor and high processing costs. However, compared with Compared with ring spinning, there are also disadvantages such as low yarn strength, high requirements for raw material selection, and certain limitations in variety adaptability. Therefore, in practical applications, it is necessary to maximize its strengths and avoid weaknesses, give full play to its technical and equipment advantages, and develop various novel yarns. line to avoid homogeneous competition with ring spinning and maximize its benefits.
Develop novel yarns to expand application areas
How to use innovative technology to develop novel yarns for air-jet vortex spinning and broaden their applications In the field of spinning, avoiding homogeneous competition with ring spinning and improving the added value of its products is the primary task of developing air-jet vortex spinning technology. In recent years, many spinning enterprises in Zhejiang have actively developed five major categories of yarns based on the experience of advanced enterprises, based on market demand and application of innovative technologies, so that vortex spinning can not only be used in knitted and woven fabrics, but also It has also made initial breakthroughs in the fields of home textiles, decoration and semi-worsted wool knitted fabrics, thus expanding the application fields of vortex spinning.
Innovative development of color spinning yarn. Using air-jet vortex spinning to develop colored yarn, the fabric can be woven into a fabric with the advantages of less hairiness and good wear resistance, which can further increase the added value of the yarn and increase profit margins. Therefore, in recent years, more and more companies have produced colored yarn on air-jet vortex spinning machines. Enterprises such as Huzhou Weida Group, Huafu Jinping Textile, Hangzhou Hongyang, and Hangzhou Aohua Textile have successfully developed three series of color-spun yarns on air-jet vortex spinning machines. The first is hemp gray series colored yarns, including pure viscose fiber and viscose fiber blended yarn. The second is the color series of colored yarn, which is a color spun yarn developed by combining colored viscose fiber with other colored fibers based on the development of hemp gray series of colored yarn. The third is multi-fiber color spinning. In view of the shortcomings of low strength of color spinning as the main body is viscose fiber, the problem of low strength can be overcome by mixed spinning with other types of fibers.
Innovatively develop functional yarns. The development of functional yarns is also a hot topic in the current production field. In recent years, Zhejiang spinning companies have also made certain progress in developing functional yarns on air-jet vortex spinning machines. For example, the “Warm Yarn” innovatively developed by Zhejiang Hongyang Group is a yarn with warmth retention, deodorization, and antibacterial functions. It uses 3 types of fibers: 45% hollow polyester, 25% gray coffee charcoal polyester, and 30% modal. Blended 37tex swirl yarn. Zhejiang Aohua Textile Company cooperated with Shanghai Defulun Chemical Fiber Company to develop vortex spinning yarns with various functionalities using super imitation cotton fiber, velvet fiber, Kusma fiber and viscose fiber blends. Good reviews from companies and users.
Innovatively develop vortex spinning yarns that combine a variety of natural fibers. Vortex spinning is a covered structural yarn, and the selection of raw materials is more demanding than ring spinning. How to expand the application of various natural fibers in vortex spinning is technically difficult. Zhejiang textile companies have successfully developed a variety of vortex spinning yarns using natural fibers as raw materials through continuous research and multi-fiber combination spinning methods. For example, the linen/cotton 20tex blended yarn developed by Ningbo Fenghua Shuangdun Textile Co., Ltd.
Innovatively develop core-spun yarn on air-jet vortex spinning machine. Vortex spinning technology creates conditions for solving the disadvantages of exposed core filaments of core-spun yarns. From the analysis of the vortex spinning mechanism, when the filament passes through the middle nozzle, it can be evenly covered by the outer fiber, so that the filament can be in the middle of the yarn. Eliminate the disadvantages of core wire exposure. Based on the advantages of air-jet vortex spinning in producing core-spun yarn, Shandong Dezhou Huayuan took the lead in developing and producing core-spun yarn. Zhejiang Aohua Textile Co., Ltd. also introduced core-spun yarn production equipment based on learning from Huayuan’s experience and successfully developed a variety of Air-jet vortex spinning core-spun yarn. Since the production of core-spun yarns on air-jet vortex spinning machines has obvious advantages over ring spinning, it is also the direction for the development of new yarns in air-jet vortex spinning in the future.
Innovatively develop vortex spinning for decorative fabrics and wool knitting. Based on the analysis of five new types of air-jet vortex spinning yarns developed by Zhejiang textile companies in recent years, air-jet vortex spinning yarns are changing from using a single raw material, few production varieties, and limited uses to using multiple fibers, multi-color fibers, and producing multiple products. Variety and multi-purpose development. The excellent performance of the yarn has been recognized by downstream enterprises and consumers. Developing distinctive air-jet vortex spinning yarns is also an effective way for enterprises to maximize their benefits. According to surveys, all companies that have made achievements in developing novel vortex spinning yarns in recent years have achieved good economic benefits and their production capacity has been expanded accordingly.
Rationally configure the process to adapt to the needs of small batches
It can be seen that through continuous innovation in recent years, my country’s air-jet vortex spinning technology has The transformation from mass production of conventional viscose fiber yarn to a combination of multiple fiber blends and multiple spinning processes presents the characteristics of small batches and multiple varieties. In order to adapt to the changing characteristics of varieties, the original pre-spinning preparation process must be adjusted accordingly.
In order to adapt to the production requirements of small batches and multiple varieties, the blowing and carding process equipment originally used the blowing and carding production line to be transformed into a short-process model equipped with a carding machine. For example, although Zhejiang Aohua Textile Co., Ltd. only has 30 air-jet vortex spinning machines, the blowroom and carding unit has 6 production lines, all of which use disc-type cotton pickers.In order to adapt to small batches of cotton picking, each blowroom-carding production line is equipped with a minimum of 4 carding machines and a maximum of 8 carding machines. Since there are 6 production lines, 6 different varieties of vortex spinning yarns can be produced at the same time to meet the needs of multi-variety production.
The drawing process is produced by a combination of multiple fibers, so a single cotton bale blending method cannot be used. A combination of cotton bale blending and sliver blending must be used, so the drawing process The machine must adopt a three-pass configuration to improve mixing uniformity, and auto-leveling technology must be used on the final draw frame to improve the uniformity of long and short segments of the sliver and provide good semi-finished products for vortex spinning.
To optimize the pre-spinning process design, design process parameters based on the raw materials used. Since more non-cotton fibers are currently used in production, the focus of cleaning is to open more small blows and reduce waste to reduce fiber damage. In the carding process, the principles of “light weight, low speed, good transfer, and less fiber damage” should be adopted according to the characteristics of the fiber used to adjust the cylinder and licker-in speed ratio, and the carding components should be optimized according to the characteristics of different raw materials to reduce the number of carding slivers. The neps and short staple ratio in the product. The focus of the drawing process is to improve the “three degrees” (straightness, parallelism, and separation) of the sliver through the triple drawing process, so the speed should not be too fast to ensure high quality slivers.
Do a good job in pre-spinning pretreatment to ensure smooth production
Since air-jet vortex spinning is currently developing towards multi-variety production, the use of fiber There are many varieties and large differences in performance. In order to improve spinnability and produce high-quality yarn, it is very important to do a good job in preprocessing various raw materials. From the analysis of fiber properties, there are currently two types of raw materials that require special attention. One type is fibers with high initial modulus and poor hygroscopic properties; the other type is fibers with good hygroscopicity but smooth surface and poor cohesion. . These two types of fibers are prone to generate static electricity when air-jet vortex spinning is running at high speed, winding around rollers and rubber rollers (loops), increasing breakage and reducing production efficiency. Therefore, the focus of pre-spinning pretreatment is to reduce static charges and improve spinnability. The pretreatment can be divided into three steps: First, for the high initial modulus and rigid hemp fiber and coarse denier polyester, the rigidity can be reduced through pretreatment and the spinnability of the fiber can be improved. The second is for raw materials such as Modal, Tencel, and bamboo pulp fibers. The pretreatment method is to unpack the raw materials in the workshop and store them for 24 hours, and spray them on the cotton picking machine to make the moisture content of the raw materials reach about 10%. The production process is in a humidified state. The third is to treat extremely rigid fibers such as hemp by heating, moisturizing, and spraying oil. Store the hemp sprayed with oil at 25°C for 96 hours before use, and turn it over multiple times to reduce the fiber content. bonding.
Optimize process parameters to maximize benefits
The process parameters of air-jet vortex spinning, such as spinning speed, front roller nip to The distance between the front end of the spindle, the nozzle pressure, the feeding ratio, etc. all have a direct impact on production and should be optimized according to the type of spinning yarn.
Spinning speed. The speed is fast, the covering time is short, and the finished yarn feels soft, but the strength and wear resistance of the yarn will decrease, and the chance of weakly twisted yarn will increase. Especially when producing colored yarn, the strength of colored fibers is lower than that of natural fibers. The spinning speed should be appropriately reduced to maintain a certain strength of the yarn. In addition, in order to achieve a good coating effect when producing core-spun yarn, the speed should also be appropriately reduced.
The distance from the front roller jaw to the front end of the spindle. If the distance is large, the proportion of wrapped fibers will increase, which can form a soft, truly twisted yarn. However, if the distance is too large, fiber loss will increase and the production rate will decrease. Therefore, it should be controlled based on the average length of the fiber used being slightly shorter.
Nozzle pressure. The nozzle pressure should be determined according to the properties of the fibers used. If polyester fiber is very rigid, the nozzle pressure should be appropriately increased. When using flexible fibers such as viscose fiber, the nozzle pressure can be appropriately reduced, generally between 0.5MPa and 0.6MPa. When the nozzle pressure is high, the energy consumption increases, because the energy consumption of air-jet vortex spinning is mainly on the air compressor that supplies the nozzle pressure.
Spindle diameter. The spindle diameter should be selected according to the spinning number. The larger the spinning number, the larger the spindle diameter, and vice versa. Using a small diameter spindle is beneficial to increasing the spinning speed. Currently, when spinning 14.5tex ~ 18.5tex yarn, the spindle diameter can be 1.1mm, but when spinning linen/cotton blended yarn 21.6tex medium yarn, the spindle diameter should be 1.2mm. As appropriate.
Feeding ratio. The feed ratio is the ratio of the linear speed of the output roller to the front roller. It is also an important process parameter. It is generally controlled between 0.96 and 0.98. However, when producing core-spun yarn, in order to achieve a good coating effect, the filament winding must be controlled well. Tension is the key. Based on the principle that the filament will be straightened without causing unexpected elongation, the coating effect will be best when the feed ratio is controlled between 0.9 and 0.94.
Controlling the temperature and humidity in the workshop is the key to improving the quality and efficiency of air-jet vortex spinning. Since air jet vortex spinning is currently the fastest machine among all spinning equipment, in addition to strict requirements for the selection of key equipment used, controlling the temperature and humidity of the spinning workshop also ensures smooth production, reduces end breaks, and improves equipment operation rate. an important measure. It should be adjusted according to the different properties of the raw materials used and external climate changes to reduce production fluctuations. According to the production practices of domestic production enterprises for many years, the temperature and humidity in the workshop should be controlled between 26°C and 30°C, and the relative humidity between 50% and 60%. Enterprises with conditions should adopt automatic control and adjustment systems to reduce the impact of temperature and humidity fluctuations on production. Influence.
Compared with traditional ring spinning, air-jet vortex spinning has the characteristics of short spinning process, high production efficiency, high degree of automation and intelligence in online quality monitoring, and labor saving, which can alleviate domestic problems. Spinning enterprises are faced with difficulties such as heavy labor and high processing costs. However, compared with ring spinning, there are also disadvantages such as lower yarn strength. Therefore, in practical applications, it is necessary to give full play to its technical and equipment advantages, develop various types of novel yarns, and avoid problems with the environment. Spindles compete in a homogeneous manner to maximize their benefits.
, Air-jet vortex spinning has the characteristics of short spinning process, high production efficiency, high degree of automation and intelligence in online quality monitoring, and labor saving. It can alleviate the difficulties of domestic spinning enterprises such as excessive labor and high processing costs. However, compared with ring spinning, there are also Yarns have shortcomings such as low strength. Therefore, in practical applications, it is necessary to give full play to its technical and equipment advantages, develop various types of novel yarns, avoid homogeneous competition with ring spinning, and maximize its benefits. </p
