When purchasing, some materials often attract the attention of some friends, such as polyester and polyester fiber. Friends who are familiar with it will say that they are the same material. Friends who are not aware of it wonder why the same material is different. The name?
Is there any difference between polyester and polyester fiber?
By name
Polyester fiber is an international common name, mainly famous for its earliest production name, and now it has become an internationally common name;Polyester is a Chinese name, and in China polyester fiber is usually polyester. From this point it is clear that there is no difference between them.
Introduction to polyester
Usually refers to polymer compounds obtained by the condensation of dibasic acids and diols, including all molecular chains containing more than 85% of parabens Fibers composed of linear macromolecules of diol diol esters.
There are many varieties of polyester fiber. Three types are given in GB/T4146.1-2009, namely polyester fiber. Ethylene glycol (PET) fiber, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) fiber and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT span>) fiber. Among them, the trade name of PET fiber in my country is polyester. It can be seen that polyester is only a type of polyester fiber. Due to its easy availability of raw materials and excellent performance, polyester has become the fiber with the largest output and the most widely used among chemical fibers. It is precisely because of this that people mistakenly think that polyester fiber is polyester. However, in recent years, with the With the improvement of fiber production technology, polyester fiber has added two new members: PBT and PTT.
PTTThe fiber has the characteristics of both polyester and nylon. It is easy to wash and dry, has good elastic recovery, and has good wear resistance. And stretch recovery, more suitable for making composite fibers, elastic fabrics, carpets and other materials. In addition to the advantages of polyester, PBT fiber also has better dyeing properties and has become one of the promising differentiated fibers in the field of synthetic fibers. In addition, it also has good aging resistance, Chemical reactivity and heat resistance make it widely used in engineering plastics, home appliance casings and other fields. The emergence of these two new types of polyester fibers not only breaks the dominance of polyester fiber, but may even replace it to a certain extent.
With the emergence of PTT fiber and PBT fiber, polyester fiber is no longer exclusive to polyester. However, in actual detection, since these three types of fibers are difficult to distinguish through ordinary methods, theoretically, they can be identified through a combination of infrared spectroscopy and melting point methods, but there are also difficulties in the identification process. Therefore, according to the standard GB/T 4146.1-2009, a “polyester fiber” report will generally be issued, only if the client explicitly requests it, and the sample can be determined to be “polyethylene terephthalate” Only under the condition of “ester (PET)” can the testing agency classify it as “polyester”.
Introduction to polyester
Polyester (also commonly known as “Qianliang”). Polyester is the simplest of the three major synthetic fibers and its price is relatively cheap. In addition, it is strong and durable, has good elasticity, is not easily deformed, is corrosion-resistant, insulating, crisp, easy to wash and quick-drying, etc., and is loved by people.
Polyester is the most important synthetic fiber variety among textile fiber raw materials. It is made of terephthalic acid (PTA) or diterephthalate. Polyterephthalate is a polymer produced by esterification or transesterification and polycondensation reaction of methyl ester (DMT) and ethylene glycol (EG). Ethylene glycol formate (PET), a fiber made by spinning and post-processing.
It is generally produced by melt spinning method. The morphological structure observed in the microscope has a circular cross-section and no special longitudinal structure.
Special-shaped fibers (non-circular cross-section) can change elasticity, giving them special luster and bulk, improving cohesion and coverage, anti-pilling, and reducing static electricity. For example, triangular fibers have a flash effect; pentacle-shaped fibers are shiny, feel good, and resist pilling; hollow fibers have low density and good warmth retention due to the cavity inside.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Polyester:
1. High strength. The strength of short fiber is 2.6-5.7cN/dtex, and the strength of high-strength fiber is 5.6-8.0cN/dtex.
2． Good elasticity. The elasticity is close to that of wool. When stretched 5%～6%, it can be almost completely restored. . The wrinkle resistance is better than other fibers, that is, the fabric does not wrinkle and has good dimensional stability.
3. Heat resistance. Polyester has a relatively high melting point and the best heat resistance among synthetic fabrics.
4． Good thermoplasticity but poor melt resistance. It is thermoplastic and can be used to make pleated skirts for a long time, but it has poor melt resistance and can easily form holes when exposed to soot, sparks, etc. When wearing, avoid contact with cigarette butts, sparks, etc.
5. Good wear resistance. Among synthetic fibers, it is second only to nylon.
6. Good light resistance. Second only to acrylic fiber among synthetic fibers.
7. Corrosion-resistant. Resistant to bleach, oxidants, hydrocarbons, ketones, petroleum products and inorganic acids. Resistant to dilute alkali and not afraid of mold, but hot alkali can cause it to decompose. It also has strong acid and alkali resistance and UV resistance.
8. Good color fastness, not easy to fade.
9.Poor hygroscopicity,It feels stuffy when worn, and is easily charged with static electricity, easily stained with dust, and prone to lint and pilling.
10.Quick drying, has good washable and wearable performance.
Polyester type:
1, Polyester imitation silk fabric, a polyester fabric with a silk-like appearance woven from polyester filament or short fiber yarns with round and special-shaped cross-sections. It is wrinkle-resistant and requires no ironing, and is very popular among consumers. These varieties have the elegant drape, smoothness, softness and pleasingness of silk fabrics. At the same time, they have the stiffness, wear resistance, easy washing and ironing-free of polyester fabrics. They are also low in price. The only drawback is that this type of fabric has poor moisture absorption and breathability, making it difficult to wear. Not too cool.
2, Polyester wool-like fabric, made of polyester filament such as polyester elastic yarn, polyester network yarn or polyester yarn with various special-shaped cross-sections, or medium-length polyester short fiber and medium-length viscose or medium-length Woolen-style fabrics woven from acrylic blended yarn are called worsted wool-like fabrics and mid-length wool-like fabrics, and their prices are lower than similar wool fabric products. It not only has the characteristics of wool, which is plump and fluffy, and has good elasticity, but also has the characteristics of polyester, which is durable, easy to wash and dry quickly, flat and crisp, not easy to deform, not easy to fluff, not easy to pilling, etc.
3, Polyester linen-like fabric, made of polyester or polyester/ sticky twisted yarn, is woven into a plain or raised weave fabric, which has the dry feel and appearance of linen fabric. Not only does it look rough and feel dry, it is also comfortable and cool to wear. Therefore, it is very suitable for the production of summer shirts and skirts.
4, Polyester cotton-like fabric, it has a soft and fluffy feel similar to cotton and is hydrophilic and moisture-absorbent. It also has the wear-resistance, high strength, easy washing, no ironing, and low price of polyester fabric. Currently used in bedding, T-shirts, towels, etc.
5, Polyester blended fabric, in addition to weaving pure polyester fabrics, there are also many products that are blended or interwoven with various textile fibers, which make up for the shortcomings of pure polyester fabrics and provide better wear performance.
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