Foreword: The spindle is one of the main components for twisting and winding on the spinning machine. It is an assembly with a slender rotary shaft supported at two points as the main body. There are spindles on roving frames, spinning frames, and twisting machines.
As we all know, everyone is accustomed to expressing the equipment scale and production capacity of a spinning mill in terms of the number of spindles. Irregular operation of spindles has a direct impact on the production capacity of the corresponding process, especially spinning spindles.
Example 1
If the operation is not standardized, after tightening the spindle holder nut, use gravity to knock the spindle holder to correct the spindle level or the center of the spindle ring.
For DFG2 type, D12 series, and D32 series spindles, due to the large gap between the outer ring of the spindle holder and the rib hole, the design is based on the center of the steel ring. During installation, it is not advisable to tighten the spindle holder nut fully and then use gravity to knock it. Knock the spindle holder to adjust the spindle level or align the spindle with the center of the ring. This operation is laborious and not conducive to the adjustment and alignment of the spindle. The level is easy to move, and it is also easy to damage the spindle rib or the surface of the spindle holder.
Standard operation: When knocking the spindle holder, use a steel chisel and aim it at the side of the spindle holder at an angle of 20 to 25 degrees. Do not hit the spindle holder nut or the following parts. Do not use a pipe to insert a wrench to increase the strength arm. Tighten the spindle holder nut. These practices can easily cause the spindle holder to crack or break and be damaged. The tightening torque of the spindle holder nut is 80N.m.
Example 2
Irregular operation, add spindle oil while inserting the spindle into the spindle holder.
D32 series spindles are widely used in cotton spinning mills. Due to their special structure, the spindle oil cannot easily enter the narrow inner cavity of the spindle holder when refueling (the interlayer gap of the vibration-absorbing coil spring is only 0.2mm). Inserting it into the spindle holder will cause the spindle oil to overflow, leaving a great hidden danger for the spindle to be short of oil.
Standard operation: When adding spindle oil, the rhythm should be slow. Do not do it too hastily, and do not leak oil! Leaking oil will definitely burn the spindle. After adding the spindle oil, wait 1 hour before replenishing the oil, and then insert the spindle into the spindle holder.
Example 3
Irregular operation, the spindle is not inserted into the original spindle holder after being pulled out, or when a bad spindle or bad spindle holder is replaced, the complete set is not replaced together.
After the spindle has been run, the upper and lower pairs of friction pairs have been run-in. If they are not inserted into the original spindle holder or the complete set is not replaced together, they will have to be worn again. In this way, the spindle will easily become numb or shake its head, or have a large vibration range, causing new wear and tear. .
Example 4
Irregular operation, not completely pulling out the spindle for oil replenishment.
If the spindle is not completely pulled out for oil replenishment, the oil cannot be directly added to the rollers of the upper bearing, and the oil replenishment effect cannot be achieved. If you operate like this for a long time, the spindle rod-disk combination may easily bend and the upper bearing may be damaged.
Standard operation: Completely pull out the spindle and refill the oil.
Example 5
Irregular operation. During equipment maintenance, the spindle is pulled out and placed upside down in the gap of the drafting part or placed diagonally on the machine table.
If the spindle is placed upside down or tilted on the machine table, the spindle oil attached to the lower cone part of the spindle will flow back and accumulate in the spindle plate hole. When the spindle is inserted into the spindle holder, the spindle oil will flow to the surface of the spindle holder or dragon ribs, or drip on the ground, causing oil to fly and pollute the ground when driving, and even produce oily yarn.
Standard operation: After the spindle is pulled out, it should be placed vertically on the special spindle cart (with an oil storage tray underneath). Before the spindle is inserted into the spindle holder, the lower cone part of the spindle should be wiped with a lint-free cloth to remove the adhered flying particles, waste yarn and impurities.
Example 6
Irregular operation, replace the traveler after pulling out the spindle.
Standard operation: In order to facilitate the leveling of the spindle and the correction of the spindle to the center of the ring, the replacement of the traveler (especially when prying off the traveler) should be performed before the spindle is pulled out to prevent the traveler from falling into the spindle seat and wearing out the spindle after driving.
Example 7
Irregular operation, after cleaning the spindle and changing (replenishing) oil before starting the machine, the ring plate does not rise to the highest position, and there is no need to cover both sides of the machine with cloth.
Standard operation: After cleaning the spindle and changing (replenishing) oil, before starting the machine, raise the steel ring to the highest position. Both sides of the machine should be covered with cloth to prevent oil flying (mist) after starting the machine from affecting adjacent machines and producing oil stains. Stop the machine after driving for 20 minutes, and then use a clean cloth to wipe away the oil splash on the surface of the ring plate, beam, spindle base, etc.
Example 8
Irregular operation. The new spindle was not cleaned and changed according to the cleaning and oil changing procedures when it was put on the car. It should be cleaned and changed after 2 to 3 months of use.
Standard operation: The new spindle wears violently during the running-in period, and it will inevitably produce tiny particles. If these tiny particles are not removed in time, it will inevitably aggravate the wear of the spindle. The following work should be done according to the new spindle cleaning oil procedure.
Add oil 1 hour after the initial refueling, check the oil level, and lubricate the upper bearing roller with oil. After inserting the spindle, run it at low speed (10-12kr/min) for 8 hours, then run it at normal spindle speed for 1 to 3 days, and perform the first cleaning and oil change. After 7 days of operation, perform the second cleaning and oil change; after 15 to 20 days of operation, perform the third cleaning and oil change, and then switch to the normal cleaning and oil change cycle.
After three timely and effective initial maintenance, cleaning and oil changes, the abrasive particles generated by the initial operation of the spindle can be basically removed, minimizing the harm of initial wear, allowing the new spindle to smoothly and well transition to the stable period and enter the normal wear state. This can Effectively extend the service life of the spindle and lay the foundation for normal spindle maintenance work in the future.��. It is wrong to clean and change the oil only once after 2 to 3 months of use.
Example 9
Irregular operation and using the spindle as a tool (such as a pry bar, punch).
Doing so will only cause the spindle to bend, damage the tip and be scrapped.
Standardized operations: Develop good working habits.
Example 10
If the operation is not standardized, use talcum powder to absorb the oil spills and splashes on the surface of the dragon ribs, spindle bases and other parts.
This is an extremely wrong approach! Using talcum powder to absorb oil spills or splashes is extremely harmful. The air vortex generated when the spindle is adjusting its rotation can easily bring talcum powder into the spindle holder (which is equivalent to adding abrasive), resulting in serious contamination of the spindle oil, accelerated variation of the physical and chemical properties of the spindle oil, increased spindle vibration, and serious wear and tear of the spindle.
Standard operation: To clean up oil spills or splashes, just wipe them clean with a wiping cloth.
Example 11
Irregular operation, the spindle has been used for many years without inspection and correction for bending.
Standard operation: During the use of the spindle for half a year to one year, the spindle should be inspected and corrected for bending. Before correcting the bending, check the condition of the spindle first. If there are grooves, bald spots, or scratches, they should be discarded and scrapped. To correct the bending of the spindle, place both ends of the spindle on a 60-degree V-shaped iron on a flat plate (one end has a backer for positioning) and use a dial indicator to check and measure.
If the bend is out of tolerance, use a small pry bar to press down at the highest point of the bend until it meets the quality requirements. The alignment part should be careful to avoid contact with the spindle tip, the upper taper part of the spindle (that is, the contact point with the “eye of the bobbin”) and the upper bearing. When the spindle plate is eccentric and needs to be corrected, do not pry the spindle plate hole, otherwise it will easily cause the combination of the spindle and the spindle plate to loosen, causing numbness and shaking of the head.
Example 12
Irregular operation. During equipment maintenance, the spindle is inserted into the spindle holder without wiping off the flying particles, waste wire, and impurities adhering to the lower cone part of the spindle.
The cleaning of the spindle surface and the inner cavity of the spindle holder is very important. Any foreign matter entering the spindle holder will affect the lubrication effect, function and service life of the spindle.
Standard operation: Use a lint-free cloth to wipe away the flying particles, waste wire and impurities adhered to the lower cone of the spindle, and then insert the spindle into the spindle holder.
Example 13
Irregular operation. When the equipment maintenance machine is parked overnight and the spindle is not inserted into the spindle holder, the bearing hole part of the spindle holder is not covered with cloth or plastic film.
Standard operation: For machines that need to be parked overnight, when the spindle is not inserted into the spindle holder, special cloth or plastic film should be used to cover the bearing hole of the spindle holder to prevent dust, flying flowers, and debris from falling into the spindle holder and causing oil quality variation and affecting lubrication. The effect is even wear of the spindle; at the same time, it can also reduce or prevent yarn defects caused by flying flowers to adjacent machines during cleaning work.
Example 14
Irregular operation and failure to remove oil dust and dirt in the hole of the spindle plate for a long time.
The existence of these oil flying particles and fouling will undoubtedly increase the rotational resistance of the spindle, causing quality variations caused by reduced spindle speed, increased twist unevenness, reduced yarn strength, and large spindle differences.
Standard operation: It must be combined with the correction and bending work of the spindle to completely remove the oil dust and scale in the spindle plate hole.
Example 15
Irregular operation and inconsistent spindle belt tension.
The spindle belt tension should be consistent across the entire car. If the tension of the spindle belt is too high, it will increase the radial load on the bearing on the spindle, which will easily increase the wear of the spindle and shorten the service life of the spindle. If the tension of the spindle belt is too small, it will easily stall, resulting in a large difference in spindle speed and high uneven twist rate of the yarn. There should be no “dead ingot belt”.
Standard operation: The appropriate spindle belt tension should be around 8N. You can use a spring to hook the spindle belt (in the middle of the two spindles) and pull the spindle belt straight. When the spindle tape frame just swings forward, check the red reading on the spring scale, which is the tension of the spindle tape.
Example 16
Irregular operation and abnormal working position of the spindle belt.
Standard operation: Carefully position the spindle tape rack in height, front and back, and left and right.
High and low position: When the spindle reel frame is in the vertical state, the top surface of the spindle reel should be on the same horizontal plane as the center line of the arc groove of the spindle reel. If the horizontal position of the spindle belt is too high or too low, it will cause the spindle belt to be out of center; it will sink and rub the lower part of the spindle plate, causing the spindle belt to impact the spindle vibration, and also cause the lower part of the spindle belt to be worn out prematurely; floating upward will cause the spindle to float upward. , causing abnormal wear on the spindle taper part, which is very harmful.
Front and back positions: The spindle reel frame should not touch any machine parts after being pushed forward and backward. The front and back swings are natural and flexible without tight rolling, and the swing angles are basically the same.
Left and right position: The spindle belt should not rub against the spindle reel bracket or the side of the spindle reel during rotation. In order to make the arc surrounding the four spindles by the spindle belt as close as possible to reduce uneven twist, the position of the spindle belt tray should be as close to the left as possible, so as to not touch the spindle belt when driving.
When adjusting the spindle belt and the rotating part of the spindle, you must pay great attention to it and perform the standardized operation carefully. You cannot be a one-sided approach that just rotates the spindle with the spindle belt on the spindle belt plate.
The basic work of equipment must focus on standardization, implementation and perseverance to achieve practical results. The spindle is a key spinning component. During use, irregular operations must be avoided and operations must be performed according to the specifications to reduce end breaks, hairiness, yarn defects and material consumption, thereby achieving the goals of improving product quality, reducing costs and increasing efficiency. .
��Reduce end breaks, hairiness, yarn defects and material consumption, thereby achieving the purpose of improving product quality, reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
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